Metal vapor rectifier



METAL VAPOR RECTIFIE R Filed June 27. 1928 gg fiers of smaller power,

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Patented Oct. 13, 1931 UNITED Is'rpfrEs os'KAR sErrz, 0E BADEN, SWITZERLAND, AssieNoil To ArcrrENcfEsEiiD,scnAlyi` EovEEI, AND GIE., 0E BADEN, swim:zEzatAisrDl 1: l.

METAL vAPoEnEoTIEIER Application mea June 27, 192s, seriai No. esame, anta ni Germany: :rune 30,' 19271.A

It has been found by experience that in vapor rectifiers the mercury vapors formed at the cathode have to be kept as far as possible from the anodes. lVhen the power is iincreased, more mercury will be of course vaporized, so that the surface of the wall of the metal vessel will no longersuffice for absorbing the increasedlost heat. rThe means provided hitherto for this purpose in rectisuch as anode sleeves and the like, no longer meet the requirements which increase with the increase in power. For this reason it is necessary to provide a larger cooling surface in the interior of the rectifier vessel for condensing the mercury vapor. Various arrangements for condensing the mercury vapor by means of separate cooling bodies having a large surface located in the interior of the rectifier body have already been proposed. Thus it has been suggested to provide within the anodes arranged in a circle a system of cooling coils or a double-walled cylindrical insertion or several such insertions arranged concentrically. Q All condensation arrangements hitherto proposed have the great disadvantage that-the total cooling surface of the cooling body cannot be fully utilized. The reason for this is that the mercury vapor rising in the form ofy a brush from the cathode is deflected from its natural direction when impinging against the cooling surfaces of the known cooling bodies, so that, owing to the consequent reduction in velocity, there is an accumulation with concentric cylindrical the vapor condenses at the lower part of the cooling body and at the wall surface lying in the outlet passage, the remainder of the surface of the same is not cooling bodies utilized for cooling and conden-sation, that is to say the vapor does not come in contact with it.

According to the present invention this drawback is overcome by the provision in thev interior of the rectifier vessel within the circle of anodes of a double-walled, closed hollow body for the reception of cooling liq- K uid, which Vis freely accessible on all sides and has its outer wall cylindrical and its inner Wall arranged in radial folds, so that mercury vapor rising like a brush from-the cath-vode impingeswithout being deflected in lits direction. in its natural course againstthe? cooling body. y

A constructional example of the present', invention is shown in the accompanying drawings inl Fig. 1 in longitudinal section and 1n Fig. 2 in cross-sectionk on the lines B-B and A-A respectively.

a is the rectifier vessel with the cathode b l andthe circularly arranged anodes c. The condensation arrangement consists of a hollow body Z filled with cooling liquid and hav- Ling radially andinwardly directed cooling n pockets e. The cooling pockets extend close up to the cylindrical outer wall of thev cooling body, leaving an'unobstructed central outlet passage. The cooling body is lpositioned within the vessel so as to be freely accessible on all sides, such that there is communication @Q between the anode space and the cooling dome or condensation space. As will be seen from Fig. l, the cooling pockets are longitudinally displaced in the Vdirection of flow of the vapor with respect to the outer wall ofthe cooling body, so that their lower edges converge conically inward-s.v The cooling liquid enters at f and escapes at g. l

With the constructional form of the cooling body accordingr to the present invention, through the entire cooling surface of the cooling pockets being utilized in a suitable manner, the necessary cooling and condensation of the mercury vapor for metal vapor rectifiers for large powers is fully realized.

The bush-like stream of vap'or impinges in its natural course on the surface ofthe cooling pockets and passes without deflection into the outlet passage. The condensed mercury collects at the lower edge of the cooling body and can be returned in a known manner to the cathode by means of separate collecting devices. A v y What I claim is:

1. A mercury vapor rectifier containing a ring of anodes and within said ring of anodes a double-walled closed hollow body for the reception of cooling fluid, the outer wall of the said body being cylindrical and the inner BROWN..

wall so arranged in radial folds as to form cooling pockets for the mercury vapor.

2. A mercury vapor rectifier as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said cooling pockets are displaced longitudinally with respect to the outer wall in the direction of the vapor stream so that their llower edges converge conically inwards.

3. A mercury vapor rectiier as claimed in claim l wherein the said cooling pockets are displaced longitudinally with respect to the outer wall in the direction of the vapor stream so that their lower edges converge conically inwards, the said inner wall leaving an unobstructed central passage between its inwardly proj ectingcfolds. v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciication.

OSKAR SEITZ. 

